abstract：:Experiments on flies suggest that a gain-of-function mechanism in a protein called CSPɑ contributes to the progressive brain disease CLN4. ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Berryer MH,Kosmaczewski SG,Barrett LE

更新日期：2019-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial cells are encased in a peptidoglycan (PG) exoskeleton that protects them from osmotic lysis and specifies their distinct shapes. Cell wall hydrolases are required to enlarge this covalently closed macromolecule during growth, but how these autolytic enzymes are regulated remains poorly understood. Bacillus s...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Dobihal GS,Brunet YR,Flores-Kim J,Rudner DZ

更新日期：2019-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The rhythm generating network for breathing must continuously adjust to changing metabolic and behavioral demands. Here, we examined network-based mechanisms in the mouse preBötzinger complex using substance P, a potent excitatory modulator of breathing frequency and stability, as a tool to dissect network properties ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Baertsch NA,Ramirez JM

更新日期：2019-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously we identified Lam/GramD1 proteins, a family of endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins with sterol-binding StARkin domains that are implicated in intracellular sterol homeostasis. Here, we show how these proteins exchange sterol molecules with membranes. An aperture at one end of the StARkin domain enables ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Khelashvili G,Chauhan N,Pandey K,Eliezer D,Menon AK

更新日期：2019-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Coronaries are essential for myocardial growth and heart function. Notch is crucial for mouse embryonic angiogenesis, but its role in coronary development remains uncertain. We show Jag1, Dll4 and activated Notch1 receptor expression in sinus venosus (SV) endocardium. Endocardial Jag1 removal blocks SV capillary sprou...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Travisano SI,Oliveira VL,Prados B,Grego-Bessa J,Piñeiro-Sabarís R,Bou V,Gómez MJ,Sánchez-Cabo F,MacGrogan D,de la Pompa JL

更新日期：2019-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Hawaiian isolates of the nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans have long been known to harbor genetic diversity greater than the rest of the worldwide population, but this observation was supported by only a small number of wild strains. To better characterize the niche and genetic diversity of Hawaiian C. elegans a...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Crombie TA,Zdraljevic S,Cook DE,Tanny RE,Brady SC,Wang Y,Evans KS,Hahnel S,Lee D,Rodriguez BC,Zhang G,van der Zwagg J,Kiontke K,Andersen EC

更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Massed synchronised neuronal firing is detrimental to information processing. When networks of task-irrelevant neurons fire in unison, they mask the signal generated by task-critical neurons. On a macroscopic level, such synchronisation can contribute to alpha/beta (8-30 Hz) oscillations. Reducing the amplitude of the...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Griffiths BJ,Mayhew SD,Mullinger KJ,Jorge J,Charest I,Wimber M,Hanslmayr S

更新日期：2019-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The human face represents a combined set of highly heritable phenotypes, but knowledge on its genetic architecture remains limited, despite the relevance for various fields. A series of genome-wide association studies on 78 facial shape phenotypes quantified from 3-dimensional facial images of 10,115 Europeans identif...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Xiong Z,Dankova G,Howe LJ,Lee MK,Hysi PG,de Jong MA,Zhu G,Adhikari K,Li D,Li Y,Pan B,Feingold E,Marazita ML,Shaffer JR,McAloney K,Xu SH,Jin L,Wang S,de Vrij FM,Lendemeijer B,Richmond S,Zhurov A,Lewis S,Sharp

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Computational modeling of behavior has revolutionized psychology and neuroscience. By fitting models to experimental data we can probe the algorithms underlying behavior, find neural correlates of computational variables and better understand the effects of drugs, illness and interventions. But with great power comes ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Wilson RC,Collins AG

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:During embryogenesis, chromatin accessibility profiles control lineage-specific gene expression by modulating transcription, thus impacting multipotent progenitor states and subsequent fate choices. Subsets of cardiac and pharyngeal/head muscles share a common origin in the cardiopharyngeal mesoderm, but the chromatin...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Racioppi C,Wiechecki KA,Christiaen L

更新日期：2019-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:New studies examine how the different sub-structures in the cerebellum are organized to receive information during complex behavioral tasks. ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Holloway AL,Lerner TN

更新日期：2019-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Baboons, members of the genus Papio, comprise six closely related species distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa and southwest Arabia. The species exhibit more ecological flexibility and a wider range of social systems than many other primates. This article summarizes our current knowledge of the natural history of...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Fischer J,Higham JP,Alberts SC,Barrett L,Beehner JC,Bergman TJ,Carter AJ,Collins A,Elton S,Fagot J,Ferreira da Silva MJ,Hammerschmidt K,Henzi P,Jolly CJ,Knauf S,Kopp GH,Rogers J,Roos C,Ross C,Seyfarth RM,Silk J,

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In many daily tasks, we make multiple decisions before reaching a goal. In order to learn such sequences of decisions, a mechanism to link earlier actions to later reward is necessary. Reinforcement learning (RL) theory suggests two classes of algorithms solving this credit assignment problem: In classic temporal-diff...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Lehmann MP,Xu HA,Liakoni V,Herzog MH,Gerstner W,Preuschoff K

更新日期：2019-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of invasive bacterial neonatal infections. Late-onset diseases (LOD) occur between 7 and 89 days of life and are largely due to the CC17 GBS hypervirulent clone. We studied the impact of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), which impregnate the fetus during pregnancy, ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Hays C,Touak G,Bouaboud A,Fouet A,Guignot J,Poyart C,Tazi A

更新日期：2019-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythmic actions benefit from synchronization with external events. Auditory-paced finger tapping studies indicate the two cerebral hemispheres preferentially control different rhythms. It is unclear whether left-lateralized processing of faster rhythms and right-lateralized processing of slower rhythms bases upon hem...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Pflug A,Gompf F,Muthuraman M,Groppa S,Kell CA

更新日期：2019-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmissible cancers, in which cancer cells themselves act as an infectious agent, have been identified in Tasmanian devils, dogs, and four bivalves. We investigated a disseminated neoplasia affecting geographically distant populations of two species of mussels (Mytilus chilensis in South America and M. edulis in Eur...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Yonemitsu MA,Giersch RM,Polo-Prieto M,Hammel M,Simon A,Cremonte F,Avilés FT,Merino-Véliz N,Burioli EA,Muttray AF,Sherry J,Reinisch C,Baldwin SA,Goff SP,Houssin M,Arriagada G,Vázquez N,Bierne N,Metzger MJ

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical plasticity is fundamental to motor recovery following cortical perturbation. However, it is still unclear how this plasticity is induced at a functional circuit level. Here, we investigated motor recovery and underlying neural plasticity upon optogenetic suppression of a cortical area for eye movement. Using ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Sato TR,Itokazu T,Osaki H,Ohtake M,Yamamoto T,Sohya K,Maki T,Sato TK

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine neurons respond to errors in predicting value-neutral sensory information. These data, combined with causal evidence that dopamine transients support sensory-based associative learning, suggest that the dopamine system signals a multidimensional prediction error. Yet such complexity is not evident in the acti...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Stalnaker TA,Howard JD,Takahashi YK,Gershman SJ,Kahnt T,Schoenbaum G

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The voltage-gated K+ channel Kv2.1 serves a major structural role in the soma and proximal dendrites of mammalian brain neurons, tethering the plasma membrane (PM) to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although Kv2.1 clustering at neuronal ER-PM junctions (EPJs) is tightly regulated and highly conserved, its function remains...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Vierra NC,Kirmiz M,van der List D,Santana LF,Trimmer JS

更新日期：2019-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) GABAergic interneurons mediate feedforward and feedback inhibition and have a key role in gamma oscillations and information processing. The importance of fast synaptic recruitment and action potential initiation and repolarization, and rapid synchronous GABA release by PV+ cells, is well ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Cornford JH,Mercier MS,Leite M,Magloire V,Häusser M,Kullmann DM

更新日期：2019-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) is a highly calcium selective ion channel that acts as the rate-limiting step of calcium reabsorption in the kidney. The lack of potent, specific modulators of TRPV5 has limited the ability to probe the contribution of TRPV5 in disease phenotypes such as hypercalcemia a...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Hughes TE,Del Rosario JS,Kapoor A,Yazici AT,Yudin Y,Fluck EC 3rd,Filizola M,Rohacs T,Moiseenkova-Bell VY

更新日期：2019-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals can effortlessly adapt their behavior by generalizing from past aversive experiences, allowing to avoid harm in novel situations. We studied how visual information was sampled by eye-movements during this process called fear generalization, using faces organized along a circular two-dimensional perceptual cont...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Kampermann L,Wilming N,Alink A,Büchel C,Onat S

更新日期：2019-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons form bona fide synapses with oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), but the circuit context of these neuron to OPC synapses remains incompletely understood. Using monosynaptically-restricted rabies virus tracing of OPC afferents, we identified extensive afferent synaptic inputs to OPCs residing in secondary m...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Mount CW,Yalçın B,Cunliffe-Koehler K,Sundaresh S,Monje M

更新日期：2019-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Aedes aegypti transmit pathogenic arboviruses while the mosquito itself tolerates the infection. We examine a piRNA-based immunity that relies on the acquisition of viral derived cDNA (vDNA) and how this pathway discriminates between self and non-self. The piRNAs derived from these vDNAs are essential for virus contro...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Tassetto M,Kunitomi M,Whitfield ZJ,Dolan PT,Sánchez-Vargas I,Garcia-Knight M,Ribiero I,Chen T,Olson KE,Andino R

更新日期：2019-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster males perform a series of courtship behaviors that, when successful, result in copulation with a female. For over a century, mutations in the yellow gene, named for its effects on pigmentation, have been known to reduce male mating success. Prior work has suggested that yellow influences mating...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Massey JH,Chung D,Siwanowicz I,Stern DL,Wittkopp PJ

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:β-Propellers arise through the amplification of a supersecondary structure element called a blade. This process produces toroids of between four and twelve repeats, which are almost always arranged sequentially in a single polypeptide chain. We found that new propellers evolve continuously by amplification from single...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Afanasieva E,Chaudhuri I,Martin J,Hertle E,Ursinus A,Alva V,Hartmann MD,Lupas AN

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and cytokine production represent the front lines of resistance to bacterial invaders. A key feature of this pro-inflammatory response in mammals is the complex remodeling of cellular metabolism towards aerobic glycolysis. Although the function of bactericidal macrophages is highly con...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Krejčová G,Danielová A,Nedbalová P,Kazek M,Strych L,Chawla G,Tennessen JM,Lieskovská J,Jindra M,Doležal T,Bajgar A

更新日期：2019-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Motor cortex (M1) has lateralized outputs, yet neurons can be active during movements of either arm. What is the nature and role of activity across the two hemispheres? We recorded muscles and neurons bilaterally while monkeys cycled with each arm. Most neurons were active during movement of either arm. Responses were...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Ames KC,Churchland MM

更新日期：2019-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition plays a powerful role in regulating network excitation and plasticity; however, the activity of defined interneuron types during spatial exploration remain poorly understood. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we recorded hippocampal CA1 somatostatin- and parvalbumin-expressing interneurons as mice performed...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Arriaga M,Han EB

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:How does the skeleton detect and adapt to changes in the mechanical load it has to carry? ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Haelterman N,Lim J

更新日期：2019-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of systemic acquired resistance in plants is associated with transcriptome reprogramming induced by the unstable coactivator NPR1. Immune-induced ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of NPR1 are thought to facilitate continuous delivery of active NPR1 to target promoters, thereby maximising gene expre...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Skelly MJ,Furniss JJ,Grey H,Wong KW,Spoel SH

更新日期：2019-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic spines are specialized postsynaptic structures that transduce presynaptic signals, are regulated by neural activity and correlated with learning and memory. Most studies of spine function have focused on the mammalian nervous system. However, spine-like protrusions have been reported in C. elegans (Philbrook...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Cuentas-Condori A,Mulcahy B,He S,Palumbos S,Zhen M,Miller DM 3rd

更新日期：2019-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma gondii contains a limited subset of actin binding proteins. Here we show that the putative actin regulator cyclase-associated protein (CAP) is present in two different isoforms and its deletion leads to significant defects in some but not all actin dependent processes. We observe defects in cell-cell commun...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Hunt A,Russell MRG,Wagener J,Kent R,Carmeille R,Peddie CJ,Collinson L,Heaslip A,Ward GE,Treeck M

更新日期：2019-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex-optimal diets have different effects on gene expression in female and male flies. ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Flatt T

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-type-specific 3D organization of the genome is unrecognizable during mitosis. It remains unclear how essential positional information is transmitted through cell division such that a daughter cell recapitulates the spatial genome organization of the parent. Lamina-associated domains (LADs) are regions of repressi...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Poleshko A,Smith CL,Nguyen SC,Sivaramakrishnan P,Wong KG,Murray JI,Lakadamyali M,Joyce EF,Jain R,Epstein JA

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rising and more variable global temperatures pose a challenge for biodiversity, with reproduction and fertility being especially sensitive to heat. Here, we assessed the potential for thermal adaptation in sperm and egg function using Tribolium flour beetles, a warm-temperate-tropical insect model. Following temperatu...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Vasudeva R,Sutter A,Sales K,Dickinson ME,Lumley AJ,Gage MJ

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells respond to changes in their environment through signaling networks that modulate cytoskeleton and membrane organization to coordinate cell-cycle progression, polarized cell growth and multicellular development. Here, we define a novel regulatory mechanism by which the motor activity and function of the fission y...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Baker K,Gyamfi IA,Mashanov GI,Molloy JE,Geeves MA,Mulvihill DP

更新日期：2019-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Hippo signalling integrates diverse stimuli related to epithelial architecture to regulate tissue growth and cell fate decisions. The Hippo kinase cascade represses the growth-promoting transcription co-activator Yorkie. The FERM protein Expanded is one of the main upstream Hippo signalling regulators in Drosophila as...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Fulford AD,Holder MV,Frith D,Snijders AP,Tapon N,Ribeiro PS

更新日期：2019-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of de novo mutations (DNMs) found in an offspring's genome increases with both paternal and maternal age. But does the rate of mutation accumulation in human gametes differ across families? Using sequencing data from 33 large, three-generation CEPH families, we observed significant variability in parental a...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Sasani TA,Pedersen BS,Gao Z,Baird L,Przeworski M,Jorde LB,Quinlan AR

更新日期：2019-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The faithful segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes in mitosis requires that the genome be duplicated completely prior to anaphase. However, cells with large genomes sometimes fail to complete replication during interphase and instead enter mitosis with regions of incompletely replicated DNA. These regions are processe...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Sonneville R,Bhowmick R,Hoffmann S,Mailand N,Hickson ID,Labib K

更新日期：2019-09-23 00:00:00